19
1 “And you, sing1 a lament for the princes of Israel, 2  and say:
“‘What a lioness was your mother among the lions!
She lay among young lions;2 she reared her cubs.
3  She reared one of her cubs; he became a young lion.
He learned to tear prey; he devoured people.3
4  The nations heard about him; he was trapped in their pit.
They brought him with hooks to the land of Egypt.4
5 “‘When she realized that she waited in vain, her hope was lost.
She took another of her cubs5 and made him a young lion.
6  He walked about among the lions; he became a young lion.
He learned to tear prey; he devoured people.
7  He broke down6 their strongholds7 and devastated their cities.
The land and everything in it was frightened at the sound of his roaring.
8  The nations – the surrounding regions – attacked him.
They threw their net over him; he was caught in their pit.
9  They put him in a collar with hooks;8
they brought him to the king of Babylon;
they brought him to prison9
so that his voice would not be heard
any longer on the mountains of Israel.
10 “‘Your mother was like a vine in your vineyard,10 planted by water.
It was fruitful and full of branches because it was well-watered.
11  Its boughs were strong, fit11 for rulers’ scepters; it reached up into the clouds.
It stood out because of its height and its many branches.12
12  But it was plucked up in anger; it was thrown down to the ground.
The east wind13 dried up its fruit;
its strong branches broke off and withered –
a fire consumed them.
13  Now it is planted in the wilderness,
in a dry and thirsty land.14
14  A fire has gone out from its branch; it has consumed its shoot and its fruit.15
No strong branch was left in it, nor a scepter to rule.’
This is a lament song, and has become a lament song.”
1 19:1 tn: Heb “lift up.” 2 19:2 sn: Lions probably refer to Judahite royalty and/or nobility. The lioness appears to symbolize the Davidic dynasty, though some see the referent as Hamutal, the wife of Josiah and mother of Jehoahaz and Zedekiah. Gen 49:9 seems to be the background for Judah being compared to lions. 3 19:3 tn: Heb “a man.” 4 19:4 sn: The description applies to king Jehoahaz ( 2 Kgs 23:31-34; Jer 22:10-12). 5 19:5 sn: The identity of this second lion is unclear; the referent is probably Jehoiakim or Zedekiah. If the lioness is Hamutal, then Zedekiah is the lion described here. 6 19:7 tc: The Hebrew text reads “knew,” but is apparently the result of a ר-ד (dalet-resh) confusion. For a defense of the emendation, see L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 1:284. However, Allen retains the reading “widows” as the object of the verb, which he understands in the sense of “do harm to,” and translates the line: “He did harm to women by making them widows” (p. 282). The line also appears to be lacking a beat for the meter of the poem. 7 19:7 tc: The Hebrew text reads “widows” instead of “strongholds,” apparently due to a confusion of ר (resh) and ל (lamed). L. C. Allen (Ezekiel [WBC], 1:284) favors the traditional text, understanding “widows” in the sense of “women made widows.” D. I. Block, (Ezekiel [NICOT], 1:602) also defends the Hebrew text, arguing that the image is that of a dominant male lion who takes over the pride and by copulating with the females lays claim to his predecessor’s “widows.” 8 19:9 tn: Or “They put him in a neck stock with hooks.” The noun סּוּגַר (sugar), translated “collar,” occurs only here in the Bible. L. C. Allen and D. I. Block point out a Babylonian cognate that refers to a device for transporting prisoners of war that held them by their necks (D. I. Block, Ezekiel [NICOT], 1:597, n. 35; L. C. Allen, Ezekiel [WBC], 1:284). Based on the Hebrew root, the traditional rendering had been “cage” (cf. ASV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV). 9 19:9 tc: The term in the MT occurs only here and in Eccl 9:12 where it refers to a net for catching fish. The LXX translates this as “prison,” which assumes a confusion of dalet and resh took place in the MT. 10 19:10 tc: The Hebrew text reads “in your blood,” but most emend to “in your vineyard,” assuming a ב-כ (beth-kaph) confusion. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 1:284. Another attractive emendation assumes a faulty word division and yields the reading “like a vine full of tendrils, which/because…”; see D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:607, n. 68. 11 19:11 tn: The word “fit” does not occur in the Hebrew text. 12 19:11 tn: Heb “and it was seen by its height and by the abundance of its branches.” 13 19:12 sn: The east wind symbolizes the Babylonians. 14 19:13 sn: This metaphor depicts the Babylonian exile of the Davidic dynasty. 15 19:14 tn: The verse describes the similar situation recorded in Judg 9:20.